Linux Command Line Essentials

Mastering the Linux command line is essential for efficient system management and navigation. Below are some fundamental commands that can help you streamline your operations:

1. man Command

• Description: Provides detailed manual pages for commands
• Usage: man command_name (press ‘q’ to exit)

2. –help Option

• Description: Displays brief command usage information
• Usage: command_name --help

3. clear Command

• Description: Clears the terminal screen
• Usage: clear

4. su Command

• Description: Switches user identity, including to the superuser
• Usage: su username or su

Command Reference Table:

Command	Description	Usage
ls	Lists files in a directory	ls / ls -al ls -l | less

These commands represent just a fraction of the vast array of tools accessible through the Linux command line interface. Proficiency in these commands can significantly boost your productivity and effectiveness in managing Linux systems.

How to Install Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Linux

Installing Apache, PHP, and MySQL on Linux can be essential for web development and hosting. Here is a step-by-step guide on how to do it:

Step 1: Accessing Control Center

Begin by accessing the control center of your Linux distribution. You can do this by searching for “apache” and “php” in the search box.

Step 2: Selecting Required Packages

Once in the control center, select the necessary packages for installation. Make sure to include Apache, PHP, MySQL, and CLI. The corresponding package names for these are:

• Apache: apache2
• PHP: apache2-mod_php
• MySQL: php-mysql
• CLI: php-cli

Step 3: Installing the Packages

Insert your installation media into the drive and click on the “Install” button to proceed with the installation process.

Step 4: Starting Apache

After the installation is complete, open a terminal window and type the following commands:

su
/etc/init.d/httpd start

These commands will prompt you to enter your password and then start the Apache server on your Linux system.

By following these steps, you can successfully install Apache, PHP, and MySQL on your Linux machine, enabling you to develop and host websites locally.